Group of companies. Joint venture. An arbitration award does not constitute res judicata with respect to a party that refused to participate in the arbitration proceedings, even where that party has a close legal relationship with the litigants in the arbitration (parent company). Difference in causes of action. An arbitration award restricted to contractual liability arising from the joint venture does not bind the decision of the judiciary, which addresses the abuse of controlling power and economic power caused by the party that did not participate in the arbitration proceedings: